从左到右找到每对 $a_i \bigoplus b_i$ 要包含上一个 $a_{i - 1} \bigoplus b_{i - 1}$ 中所有的二进制表示中的 1 所需要额外的位，计算公式是：$b_i = [a_i \bigoplus (a_{i - 1} \bigoplus b_{i - 1})] \bigwedge (\overline{a_i})$

// Date: Sun Dec 10 21:14:31 2023

#include <climits>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>

#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <queue>
#include <set>
#include <sstream>
#include <stack>
#include <string>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f, MOD = 1e9 + 7;
const double eps = 1e-8;
const int dir[8][2] = {
    {0, 1}, {0, -1}, {1, 0}, {-1, 0}, {1, 1}, {1, -1}, {-1, 1}, {-1, -1},
};

typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
typedef vector<int> VI;
typedef pair<int, int> PII;

const ull Pr = 131;

#define For(i, a, b) for (int i = int(a); i < int(b); ++i)
#define Rof(i, a, b) for (int i = int(b) - 1; i >= int(a); --i)
#define For1(i, a, b) for (int i = int(a); i <= int(b); ++i)
#define Rof1(i, a, b) for (int i = int(b); i >= int(a); --i)
#define ForE(i, j) for (int i = h[j]; i != -1; i = ne[i])

#define f1 first
#define f2 second
#define pb push_back
#define has(a, x) (a.find(x) != a.end())
#define nonempty(a) (!a.empty())
#define all(a) (a).begin(), (a).end()
#define SZ(a) int((a).size())

#ifdef _DEBUG
#define debug1(x) cout << #x " = " << x << endl;
#define debug2(x, y) cout << #x " = " << x << " " #y " = " << y << endl;
#define debug3(x, y, z)                                                        \
  cout << #x " = " << x << " " #y " = " << y << " " #z " = " << z << endl;
#else
#define debug1
#define debug2
#define debug3
#endif

const int N = 200010;
int t, n, a[N], b[N];

int main(void) {
#ifdef _DEBUG
  freopen("1547d.in", "r", stdin);
#endif
  std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
  cin.tie(NULL);
  cout.tie(NULL);

  cin >> t;

  while (t--) {
    cin >> n;

    For1(i, 1, n) { cin >> a[i]; }

    memset(b, 0, sizeof b);

    int pre = a[1];
    For1(i, 2, n) {
      if ((a[i] & pre) == pre) {
        pre = a[i];
        continue;
      }
      b[i] = (a[i] ^ pre) & (~a[i]);
      pre = b[i] ^ a[i];
    }

    For1(i, 1, n) { cout << b[i] << ' '; }
    cout << '\n';
  }

  return 0;
}